Results: This article examined pharmacokinetic, clinical, and laboratory findings, complications, diagnosis, prognostic factors, and the treatment of paraquat poisoning. Methods: In this study, required articles were searched using the following keywords: “paraquat poisoning” and “treatment” on an electronic database, such as Pubmed and Google Scholar from January 2013 to December 2020. Regarding the high prevalence and mortality rate without a specific antidote in paraquat poisoning, we explored managing acute paraquat poisoning. īackground: Paraquat is an extremely toxic herbicide that causes such severe adverse effects as acute lung injury, pulmonary fibrosis, metabolic acidosis, cardiogenic shock, acute renal failure, and even death. and Bentonite Reduce absorption Rhubarb Eliminate and reduced absorption of paraquat Immunosuppressive (cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids) Vitamins C, E and N-acetylcysteine Naringin, Edaravone, Quercetin Lysine acetylsalicylate (a salt of aspirin) Anti-C5a antibodies such as IFX-1 Type III procollagen peptide Rapamycin Procyanidin B2 Doxycycline Rosiglitazone Silymarin ω-3 fish oil emulsion Ambroxol Atorvastatin Alpha lipoic acid Sodium tauroursodeoxycholate 1-methylhydantoin (MH) Metformin Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties : Medicines Herbal treatment and traditional Chinese medicine Xuebijing injection Danshen injection Rheum officinale Baill Rehmannia glutinosa Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate Dandelion Procedures Extracorporeal removal techniques (even in unknown hepatitis viral marker status) Hemodialysis Hemoperfusion, charcoal hemoperfusion, and resin hemoperfusion Hemodiafiltration and continuous venovenous hemofiltration Blood purification Surgical procedures Interventional strategy for pulmonary salvage such as one-lung circumvention Lung transplantation with or without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Other procedures Lung radiotherapy Mesenchymal stem cells Whole lung lavage therapy.
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